靛蓝及其取代物的密度泛函理论研究

运用量子化学中密度泛函理论(DFT)方法，在B3LYP／6-31G^ 水平上对靛蓝及其芳环4，4′-，5，5′-，6，6′-，7，7′-取代衍生物进行理论计算．探讨了F，Cl，Br，NO2，CH3O，CH3在不同位置的取代对分子的几何构型、电子结构和电子光谱的影响，获得与实验结果相一致的结论．还用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法在相同水平计算其电子光谱．结果表明靛蓝及其芳环取代衍生物的最低激发单重态(S1)均源自HOMO-LUMO(π-π^*)跃迁．     

靛蓝二磺酸钠-溴酸钾体系催化光度法测定钢铁中微量钒

基于钒对溴酸钾氧化靛蓝二磺酸钠退色反应的催化作用 ,建立了一种在室温条件下 (2 5℃ )直接测定钢铁中微量钒的高灵敏度高选择性的方法。在 1 0mol·L- 1 磷酸介质中及在 6 0 8nm波长处 ,钒含量在 0～1 0 μg·mL- 1 范围内与靛蓝二磺酸钠吸光度的减小值 (ΔA)呈线性关系 ,检测限为 0 0 2 μg·mL- 1 。在氟化钠存在下 ,大多数常见离子无干扰。由Arrhenius方程求得表观活化能为 5 0 6kJ·mol- 1 。本方法简便快速 ,用于钢铁中微量钒的直接测定     

基于高特异性单克隆抗体的间接竞争ELISA检测食品中胭脂红的研究

该研究设计合成了一种胭脂红半抗原,分别采用重氮化法和戊二醛法将半抗原与载体蛋白偶联制备人工抗原,通过免疫Bal b/c小鼠及杂交瘤技术成功筛选制备了胭脂红高特异性单克隆抗体,与苋菜红、柠檬黄等结构类似物无交叉反应。基于该抗体建立了间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法用于检测食品中胭脂红残留。该方法对胭脂红的半抑制浓度(IC₅₀)和检出限(IC₁₀)分别为10.1 ng/mL和0.98 ng/mL,线性范围为2~50 ng/mL。将该方法应用于山楂条和雪碧中胭脂红的快速检测,样品加标回收率分别为93.0%~113%和93.0%~100%,相对标准偏差分别为9.7%~12%和3.2%~3.9%。结果与HPLC-UV方法一致,表明该方法可用于食品中痕量胭脂红的快速筛查。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定功能饮料中烟酰胺、咖啡因、维生素B_6、柠檬黄、胭脂红和苯甲酸的含量

建立了一种同时快速检测功能饮料中烟酰胺、咖啡因、维生素B_6、柠檬黄、胭脂红和苯甲酸6种食品添加剂的高效液相色谱方法。6种食品添加剂的检出限分别为烟酰胺0.1 mg/L,咖啡因0.1 mg/L,维生素B6 0.2 mg/L,柠檬黄0.2 mg/L,胭脂红0.1 mg/L,苯甲酸0.1 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于4.57%(n=6),加标回收率在95.80%~113.68%之间。该方法满足GB/T 5009.197–2003,GB/T 23495–2009和SN/T 2105–2008对于上述6种食品添加剂检出限的要求。     

Indigo Carmine as New Label in PNA Biosensor for Detection of Short Sequence of p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene

A new electrochemical PNA hybridization biosensor for detection of a 15‐mer sequence unique to p53 using indigo carmine (IC) as an electrochemical detector is described in this work. This genosensor is based on the hybridization of target oligonucleotide with its complementary probe immobilized on the gold electrode by self‐assembled monolayer formation. Because this label is electroactive in acidic medium, the interaction between IC and short sequence of p53 is studied by differential pulse voltammety (DPV) in 0.1 M H₂SO₄. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry in the solution of [Fe(CN)₆]^3?/4? shows no breakage in PNA‐DNA duplex. A decrease in the voltammetric peak currents of IC is observed upon hybridization of the probe with the target DNA. The influence of probe concentration on effective discrimination against non‐complementary oligonucleotides is investigated and a concentration of 10^?7 M is selected. The diagnostic performance of the PNA sensor is described and the detection limit is found to be 4.31×10^?12 M.     

Mechanistic Insights into the Photoisomerization of N,N′-Disubstituted Indigos

N,N′-disubstituted indigos are photoswitchable molecules that have recently caught the attention due to their addressability by red-light. When alkyl and aryl groups are utilized as the N-substituents, the thermal half-lives of Z isomers can be tuned independently while maintaining the advantageous red-shifted absorption spectra. To utilize these molecules in real-world applications, it is of immense importance to understand how their molecular structures as well as the environment influence their switching properties. To this end, we probed their photoisomerization mechanism by carrying out photophysical and computational studies in solvents of different polarities. The fluorescence and transient absorption experiments suggest for more polar excited and transition states, which explains the bathochromic shifts of absorption spectra and shorter thermal half-lives. On the other hand, the quantum chemical calculations reveal that in contrast to N-carbonyl groups, N-alkyl and N-aryl substituents are not strongly conjugated with the indigo chromophore and can thus serve as a tool for tuning the thermal stability of Z isomers. Both approaches are combined to provide in-depth understandings of how indigos undergo photoswitching as well as how they are influenced by N-substituent and the chemical surroundings. These mechanistic insights will serve as guiding principles for designing molecules eyeing broader applications.     

Bay‐annulated indigo based near‐infrared sensitive polymer for organic solar cells

A new conjugated polymer (PBAIIDTT) based on bay‐annulated indigo and indacenodithieno[3,2‐b]thiophene was designed, synthesized, and characterized. PBAIIDTT shows strong absorption in 400–500 and 600–800 nm, and its HOMO and LUMO energy levels are −5.45 eV and −3.65 eV, respectively. In organic field‐effect transistors, the polymer exhibits a relatively high hole mobility of 0.39 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹. PBAIIDTT was added to poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl‐C₆₁‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM) based organic solar cells. Ternary blend solar cells with 10% PBAIIDTT show an increased short circuit current density due to the broadened photocurrent generated in the near‐infrared region, and a power conversion efficiency of 3.78%, which is higher than that of the P3HT:PC₆₁BM binary control devices (3.33%). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56, 213–220     

靛蓝二磺酸钠褪色分光光度法测定水中臭氧

在pH 2.0的磷酸-磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液中,臭氧可使靛蓝二磺酸钠溶液褪色,且褪色程度与臭氧含量呈线性关系,据此提出了测定水中臭氧的方法。试验结果表明:靛蓝二磺酸钠的最大吸收波长为610 nm,臭氧的质量浓度在0.12～3.0 mg.L-1范围内与吸光度变化值呈线性,表观摩尔吸光率为1.8×104L.mol-1.cm-1。应用此方法测定了水中臭氧的含量,测得相对标准偏差(n=20)在0.6%～2.8%之间。     

Electrochemical Assessment of Indigo Carmine Dye in Lithium Metal Polymer Technology

Lithium metal batteries are inspiring renewed interest in the battery community because the most advanced designs of Li-ion batteries could be on the verge of reaching their theoretical specific energy density values. Among the investigated alternative technologies for electrochemical storage, the all-solid-state Li battery concept based on the implementation of dry solid polymer electrolytes appears as a mature technology not only to power full electric vehicles but also to provide solutions for stationary storage applications. With an effective marketing started in 2011, BlueSolutions keeps developing further the so-called lithium metal polymer batteries based on this technology. The present study reports the electrochemical performance of such Li metal batteries involving indigo carmine, a cheap and renewable electroactive non-soluble organic salt, at the positive electrode. Our results demonstrate that this active material was able to reversibly insert two Li at an average potential of ≈2.4 V vs. Li⁺/Li with however, a relatively poor stability upon cycling. Post-mortem analyses revealed the poisoning of the Li electrode by Na upon ion exchange reaction between the Na countercations of indigo carmine and the conducting salt. The use of thinner positive electrodes led to much better capacity retention while enabling the identification of two successive one-electron plateaus.